The study aims at estimating the health burden of antimicrobial resistances (AMR) worldwide. A broad range of data, including systematic literature reviews as well as data from hospitals and surveillance systems, were used for estimation. The results show that 1.27 million deaths worldwide are directly attributable to AMR. When looking at preventable deaths associated with AMR, the number even rises to 4.95 million deaths worldwide. Since there are local differences in the burden of AMR, the authors conclude with the urgent need for global intervention strategies that give the possibility of local adaptations.